2.3 Olefin sulfonate
Sodium olefin sulfonate bụ ụdị sulfonate surfactant nke a kwadebere site na sulfonating olefins dị ka akụrụngwa nwere sọlfọ trioxide. Dabere na ọnọdụ nke njikọ abụọ, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS) na sodium internal olefin sulfonate (IOS).
2.3.1 a-alkenyl sulfonate (AOS)
AOS bụ klas nke sulfonate surfactants enwetara site na a-olefins (nke a na-ejikarị C14 ~ C18 olefins) site na sulfonation, neutralization na hydrolysis. AOS bụ ụdị ọzọ nke nnukwu surfactant emepụtara mgbe LAS na AES gasịrị. AOS bụ n'ezie ngwakọta nke sodium alkenyl sulfonate (60% ~ 70%), sodium hydroxyalkyl sulfonate (30%) na sodium disulfonate (0 ~ 10%). Ngwaahịa na-abịakarị n'ụdị abụọ: 35% nke mmiri mmiri na 92% nke ntụ ntụ.
Igwe carbon dị elu AOS (C2024AOS) nwere ikike ntinye dị mma na oke mmiri ụfụfụ dị elu, nke na-eme ka ọ nwee atụmanya ngwa dị mma.
2.3.2 Sodium esịtidem olefin sulfonate (IOS)
Olefin sulfonate dị n'ime (nke a na-akpọ IOS) bụ ụdị sulfonate surfactant enwetara site na olefin dị n'ime site na sulfonation, neutralization na hydrolysis. The ruru nke sodium hydroxy sulfonate na sodium alkenyl sulfonate na IOS ngwaahịa na-adabere ma ma ọ bụ na ịka nká na-eme mgbe sulfonation: ma ọ bụrụ na esịtidem olefin bụ kpọmkwem neutralized mgbe sulfonation na-enweghị ịka nká, ngwaahịa nwere banyere 90% hydroxy sulfonic acid Sodium na 10% sodium alkenyl. sulfonate; Ọ bụrụ na olefin dị n'ime ahụ na-ewepụ mgbe sulfonation na ịka nká gasịrị, ọdịnaya nke sodium hydroxysulfonate na ngwaahịa ahụ ga-ebelata, ọdịnaya nke sodium alkenyl sulfonate ga-abawanye, mmanụ na-enweghị isi na nnu inorganic ọdịnaya na-ebilikwa. Na mgbakwunye, otu sulfonic acid nke IOS dị n'etiti agbụ carbon, na-eme ka sulfonate olefin dị n'ime ya nwere usoro “ụkpụrụ ọdụ ọdụ hydrophobic abụọ”. Ngwaahịa IOS dị ọchịchịrị na agba karịa AOS ma na-ejikarị eme ihe na mpaghara ụlọ ọrụ ụfọdụ.
2.4 Sodium fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate
Sodium fatty acid methyl sulfonate (MES) na-abụkarị ụdị surfactant nwetara site na C16 ~ 18 fatty acid methyl ester site na SO3 sulfonation, ịka nká, re-esterification bleaching, na neutralization. Ihe dị iche na teknụzụ mmepụta bụ tumadi na ịcha ọcha na esterification. Usoro nke usoro kemịkal nwere ike ịsị na ịcha acid, ịcha ọcha na-anọpụ iche na teknụzụ ịcha ọcha nke abụọ. MES nwere ikike mkpochapụ dị mma, ike nchasa ncha calcium siri ike, ọ dịkwa mfe biodegrade.